For example, if you found a quote on page 10 of a book, cite page 10. If the information was spread over several pages, include all of them. So you might cite pages 10-16. Sometimes, page numbers might have letters like “B1” or use Roman numerals like “iv” or “xi. " In these cases, always use the type of numbering used by the source.

If you name the author in the sentence, write the year that the source was published in parentheses next to the author’s name. For example, you might write, “Smith (2010) showed that poor hygiene was correlated with low self-esteem. ”

If you named the author in the sentence, just put the page number at the end of the sentence. For example, “Smith (2010) showed that poor hygiene was correlated with low self-esteem (p. 40). ” If you did not name the author within the text of the sentence, include the author’s last name and the year of publication before the page number in the parentheses. For example, “One study showed that poor hygiene was correlated with low self-esteem (Smith, 2010, p. 40). ”

A single page number citation might look like (Smith, 2010, p. 40) or (p. 40). A citation for multiple, sequential pages might look like (Smith, 2010, pp. 40-45) or (pp. 40-45).

Newspaper articles may have page numbers that include letters (such as 1A or B3) while prefaces may use roman numerals (like i, ii, iii, etc. ). Always use the numbering system used by the source. If the article skips pages, write down where the pages begin and end in both sections. Put a comma between these page numbers. For example, 15-20, 25-30. Make sure to include reference lists, appendixes, and other supplementary material in your page range. So if the text of the article ends on page 173 but the appendix ends on page 180, then the page range ends on page 180.

Newspaper articles may have page numbers that include letters (such as 1A or B3) while prefaces may use roman numerals (like i, ii, iii, etc. ). Always use the numbering system used by the source. If the article skips pages, write down where the pages begin and end in both sections. Put a comma between these page numbers. For example, 15-20, 25-30. Make sure to include reference lists, appendixes, and other supplementary material in your page range. So if the text of the article ends on page 173 but the appendix ends on page 180, then the page range ends on page 180.

Book chapter: Last name, First Initial. Second Initial (if applicable). (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In A. Editor & B. Editor (Eds. ), Title of book (pages of chapter). Location: Publisher. Article: Author, A. & Author, B. (Year). Title of article. Title of periodical, volume number (issue number), pages of article.

Williams, B. and Johnson, A. (1990). Traffic Patterns and Urban Spread. in C. Carr (Ed. ), Traffic Engineering Trends (pp. 41-63). New York: ZMN Publishing.

Roberts, R. (2013). Managing Traffic in the Southwest. Traffic Engineering, 23 (2), 5-23.

Diaz, C. (2016, June 26). “Traffic in the City,” The Times Morning Gazette, pp. B1, B3-B4.

For example, you might write, “According to Jones (2006), 5% of people were on social media 5 or more hours a day (p. 207). ”

Jones (2006) stated that “the top 5% of users were on social media for 5 or more hours every day” (p. 207).

“Jones (2006) indicated that addictive behaviors could be seen in a small population of excessive users (p. 207). ”

You can cite a paragraph the same way as a page number, except you write “para. ” instead of “p. ” So if you were quoting paragraph 3, it would look like (para. 3) or even (James, 2007, para. 3). To find the paragraph number, count from the top paragraph down to the paragraph you are citing. So a quote from the third paragraph would be cited as paragraph 3.